OT (Operational Technology) refers to hardware and software that monitors and controls physical processes in industrial environments. This includes SCADA systems, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), sensors, and actuators. OT systems often have long lifecycles, run on outdated operating systems, and were historically not designed for network connectivity. The increasing convergence of OT and IT creates new attack surfaces. OT security requires specific measures such as network segmentation between IT and OT, adapted patching strategies, and a complete inventory of all OT devices. IEC 62443 is the primary standard series for OT security.